An Econometric Analysis of Impact of Inflation and Economic Growth on Unemployment in Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 6, November 2022
Pages:
106-123
Received:
11 October 2022
Accepted:
22 November 2022
Published:
9 January 2023
Abstract: The study examined the impact of inflation and economic growth on unemployment Ethiopia; for the period 1991-2018. Cointegration test, Error Correction Model (ECM) technique and Granger causality test were employed in the analysis. The variables utilized in the investigation include real gross domestic product (RGDP), inflation rate and unemployment rate. Stationarity test was conducted and the results indicated that all the variables except LNUNMPL and LNED were stationary at level; however, LNUNMPL and LNED became stationary after first differencing. The cointegration test result revealed that long run relationship exists among the variables under study. More so, ECM result showed that RGDP and inflation has negative and significant impact on unemployment. Finally, the Granger causality results indicated unidirectional relationship between UNEMP and RGDP, as well as between unemployment and inflation with causality running from RGDP to UNEMP and from inflation to UNEMP Based on the findings above, the study therefore, recommends that government should as a matter of urgency create more employment opportunities to absorb the teeming population of the unemployed labour force in the country through modernization of the agricultural sector, bring in modern equipment in the facilities of agriculture to make the sector more attractive to all citizens despite one’s qualifications and profession, as that alone would go a long way in reducing unemployment level in the country.
Abstract: The study examined the impact of inflation and economic growth on unemployment Ethiopia; for the period 1991-2018. Cointegration test, Error Correction Model (ECM) technique and Granger causality test were employed in the analysis. The variables utilized in the investigation include real gross domestic product (RGDP), inflation rate and unemploymen...
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Business Constraints in Nigeria: Implications on Productivity
Umaru Musa,
Olutope Olufunso Olorunfemi,
David Wazamari Ndagwakwa,
Annette Onyebuchi Eze,
Daniel Oluwaseun Mimiko,
Yakubu Musa,
Amechi Henry Igweze,
Uyu Eyo Ita
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 6, November 2022
Pages:
124-131
Received:
12 December 2022
Accepted:
28 December 2022
Published:
4 February 2023
Abstract: This study was to identify major constraints and how they effect on productivity in Nigeria using a two stage random sampling of firms from all states in Nigeria and the Federal Capital Territory was used for the study. The descriptive statistics and factor analysis were used in the analysis of the data. Artificial Intelligence, an aspect of big data analysis was also used to gauge the sentiments of the identified constraints across the Nigerian internet space. This study identified major business constraints in Nigeria using factor analysis. Of the fifteen (18) constraints identified in extant literatures and considered in this study, four main constraints predominantly featured in this present study across the three sectors as well as the whole economy: insecurity, high/multiple taxes, extortion/corruption and high bank charges. The major constraints identified in the various sectors of the Nigerian economy are those perceived to be under the purview and control of government. The next most serious set of constraints were predominantly those within the purview and control of businesses: while the variables that predominantly featured as the third set of constraints are those related to labour and policy issues. The study used categorical regression model to fit the relationship between productivity and business constraints. The findings reveal that six of the eighteen constraints have negative and significant effect on productivity across the sectors: unclear economic law, low demand, labour problems, unfavourable economic climate, high bank charges and sector have significant effect on productivity. Lack of knowledge/training was however found to have positive and significant effect on productivity. The findings in this study will guide the Central bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the various level of government in making policies that will aid survival of businesses. Identifying the major business constraints for the whole economy will guide the CBN in making decisions on general business interventions while the constraints identified across the sectors will guide the CBN in making sector specific interventions especially in the agricultural and industrial sectors.
Abstract: This study was to identify major constraints and how they effect on productivity in Nigeria using a two stage random sampling of firms from all states in Nigeria and the Federal Capital Territory was used for the study. The descriptive statistics and factor analysis were used in the analysis of the data. Artificial Intelligence, an aspect of big da...
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